Conclusion
Exercise confers substantial health benefits to the vast majority of individuals but may serve as a trigger for arrhythmic death in a small minority who harbor an occult pathological substrate. Currently, PPS of young competitive athletes is recommended and supported by many societies, associations and sporting bodies around the world. Groups, arguably at greater risk of SCD, not receiving as much attention and having less access to screening include school children playing sport, senior athletes and those undertaking grassroots, amateur and recreational sports. The aspiration is that future research in this area will improve prediction tools for SCD risk in athletes and institute tailored management, including individualized exercise prescription, to prevent fatalities. However, there will always be a need to ensure that, in the event of SCA, an appropriate emergency response plan is in place and a defibrillator is readily accessible. Finally, the SCA or SCD of a young individual should instigate comprehensive evaluation of the patient and the family to ensure that relatives at potential risk are identified and treated appropriately.